Stair structure



Aug. 7, 1928; 1,679,570

A. J. HALL STAIR STRUCTURE Original Filed Dec. 22, 1924 'INVENTORATTORNEY Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

UNITED STATES 1,679,570 PATENT OFFICE.

AKOS J. HALL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

STAIR STRUCTURE.

Application filed December 22, 1924, Serial No. 757,366. Renewed January27, 1928.

My invention relates to the construction of stair-ways generally and todetails of structure particularly.

In stair-way structures, as previously made, considerable fitting ofparts was required when the parts were first made in the shop andconsiderable work was required when the work was assembled in the fieldsuch as forming a casing for the poured floor or locating the wearplates and other similar operations. The above resulting in unnecessaryexpense in such structures. The present invention aims to eliminate theexpense mentioned above and provide a better and more economicalstructure.

One of the objects of my invention is a simple and inexpensive stairstructure in which the parts thereof are simple and easily made and inwhich these parts are easily assembled.

Another object is an easily made but effective joint between the partsof a structure.

Another object is a joint which does not weaken the jointed membersmaterially.

Another object is to support the wear plate on the tread and risersections to eliminate the cost of embedding this plate in the pouredfloor and to prevent it from coming loose.

Another object is to provide means 011 the tread andriser sections toform and to retain the oured floor to eliminate the cost of building aframe for the poured floor and of securing the wear plate to the pouredfloor.

My invention is illustrated'inthe accompanying drawingin which Fig. 1 isageneral perspective view, embodying my invention and showing the metalportion of a platform and the upper portion of a stair-way supportedthereon; the poured step-floor is shown on the lower step thereof.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a tread and riser section, on a largerscale, and showing the lugs on the ends thereof.

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional perspective View, on a larger scale,showing the wear plate and the relation thereof to adjacent stairsections and to a poured step-floor.

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view, typically showing the joints of thepresent invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view, on a larger scale, showing a punchand diearrangement for punching the taper holes in the present stair structure.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout theviews.

jointing the beams to each other; thereby saving considerable time andmaterial.

The beams 10 and 11 have the openings 14. in the webs thereof and thebeams 12and 13 have the lugs 15 on each end thereof and extendingthrough the respective openings 14; all of the lugs enter these openingsfrom the smaller ends thereof.

I prefer to taper these openings 14 as seen in Fig. 4 and, in order tosave the cost of tapering these openings after they are punched, I usethe punch and die arrangement shown in Fig. 5 where it is seen that thepunch A is of the same size as the small end of the openings and thehole B in the die is of the same size as the large end of the openings.When this punch and die operates on a sheet of metal, this metal breakson the lines C and D, thereby producing the taper openings without anyadditional work.

VVhenthe beams are assembled with the lugs 15 in the openings 14, I mayrivet th ends of the lugs into the openings, similar to a countersunkrivet, or I may fill the space between the lugs and the walls of theopenings with spelter or other similar material and braze the lugs intothe openings, or I may .weld the lugs into the openings and thereby fillthe space between the lugs and the walls of the openings.

The riveted joint referred to produces a rigid joint which is easilymade without additional parts. v I

,The brazed joint referred to also produces arigid joint and has theadditional advantage of having the lugs semi-molecularly united to thewalls of the openings.

The welded joint referred to also produces a rigid joint and has theadditional advantage of having the lugs molecular-1y united to the wallsof the openings. 7 g

Either of thesejoints produces good results; one type of joint may befound advantageous in one case while another type will be found moreadvantageous in another case. 'A judicious section of joints forparticular structures will produce better results than heretofore.

The riveting and brazing, and welding operations referred to are wellknown in description here. In the welding operation, I prefer to weldelectrically and use a heavy electrode (similar to a dolly bar inriveting) and apply it to the outer end of the lugs and, by pushinginward on this electrode, I upset the metal of the lug in the openingand thereby not only fill the opening but also weld, or molecularlyunite, the metal of the lug to the metal of the walls of the opening.

A typical joint, as just described, is shown in Fig. 4; no referencecharacters appear in this view because it is typical and applies toplatforms as well as to stairs or other structures.

The stair structure shown comprises the stringers E and F and the stairsections G.

The stringers E and F are supported on the top of the front beam 10 andmay be secured thereon or thereto by a joint similar to the one shown inFig. 4 or by other means. The web of each of the stringers is providedwith the openings 16.

Each of the stair sections G is composed of the tread portion 17 and theriser portion 18. The tread portion 17 has the upwardly extending flange19 on the front end thereof. The riser portion 18 has the upwardly andforwardly extending offset flange 20 at the upper edge thereof and therearwardly extending depression 21 at the bottom thereof.

Each end of each of the stair sections G is provided with the lugs 22disposed in the openings 16 when the stair is assembled and the joint isfinished as previously described in connection with the platform.

When the sections G are assembled between the stringers E and F, theflange 20 of each section G is spaced from the flange 19 of the adjacentsectionv as seen in Fig. 3.

Each of the wear plates I-I (Fig. 3) has the leg 23 extending into thespace between the flanges 20 and 19 and has the head 24 resting on theedges of these flanges. In order to provide a finish for the stairtreads, I provide the rounded flange 25 to obscure the joint between thewear plate and the upper edge of the flange 20. The top of the head 2ais serrated to prevent slipping and the wear plate II is held inposition by the bolts 26 passing through the flanges 20 and 19 andthrough the leg 23.

When the sections G are assembled between the stringers and the wearplates are in place, the step-floor, concrete or otherwise, can bepoured without any preliminary frame or other structure since theflanges '20 and 19 define the floor in front, the

stringers on the sides, the risers on the back, and the wear plates onthe top.

After the step-floor is poured, it remains in position without extrameans because the stringers prevent it from moving sidewise, the flanges20 and 19 from moving forward, the depression 21 from moving eitherbacL- ward or upward, and the head 24 from moving upward.

It is believed that the foregoing illustration and description willenable others to fully understand my invention.

I am aware that stair structures have been made with treads and riserssecured to stringers and with a poured floor, therefore, I do not claimsuch features broadly, but one piece tread and riser sections with thewear plate supported on these sections, the joints illustrated anddescribed, and the poured floor defined and held in position withoutextra parts, is new in the present invention.

I am also aware that modifications may be made in the formation as wellas in the arrangement of parts, within the scope of the appended claims;therefore, without lim'ting myself to the precise construction andarrangement of parts shown and de scribed,

I claim 1. In combination, a pair of stringers, one

piece step sections between said stringers, each of said sectionscomprising a riser portion and a tread portion, each of said riser portons having an upwardly extending offset flange at the upper end thereof,each of said tread portions having an upwardly extending flange toconfine a floor material, the front end of said tread portions restingon the horizontal portion of the offset flanges of the adjacent risersections, the upwardly extending flanges of adjacent step sectionsspaced apart, a removable wear plate resting on the ends of said flangesand having a leg disposed in thespace between said flanges, and a boltpassing through said flanges and through said leg and having the nutthereof embedded in the floor material.

2. A stair structure having a pair of stringers and step sectionsbetween the same and a wear plate supported on and confined laterally bysaid step'sections; said wear plate being adapted to be moved verticallyout of said step sections while the other parts of the stair structureremain in the normal 7 said poured floor and said step sections re-,

main in the normal positions thereof.

4. A stair structure having 'a pair of stringers. one piece step sectons between said stringers and each comprising a riser portion and atread portion, the outer end of each of said tread portions supported onthe upper end of the next lower one ofsaid riser portions, said outerand said upper ends being spaced apart laterally, the space between saidends being open at the top, and

a wear plate having a leg extendable into said space vertically andconfined therein laterally.

5. A stair structure having a pair of stringers and step sectionsbetween the same and a wear plate supported on a portion of one of saidsections and on a portion of'the section adjacent to said one sectionand re- 3 movable vertically from the stair structure while saidsections remain in the normal positions thereof.

6. A stair structure having a pair of stringers, step sectlo-ns betweensaid stringers, each of the riser portions of sald sections having anoffset and upwardly extending flange on the upfper end thereof, each ofthe tread portions 0 said sections having an upwardly extending flangeresting on the offset portion of said flange on the riser porextendableinto the space between said flanges and resting vertically on the upperedges of said flanges.

AKOS J. HALL.

